ENVI 109                   Fall 2006                                 Study guide 1   Ch 1-6

 Be able to define and use in appropriate context the following terms:

Atmosphere                  Lithosphere                  Hydrosphere                Biosphere
Cartography                 map projection              map scale                     latitude
longitude                       parallel                         meridian                       great circle
geoid                            standard line                 cylindrical projection     planar projection
conic projection            equal area projection    oval projection              Mercator Projection
gnomonic projection     tripel projection            topographic map           contour line
contour interval             conformal                     equal-area                    equidistant
azimuthal                      rhumb line                     remote sensing              multispectral
time zones                    magnetic declination      Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
solar radiation               wave length                  electromagnetic spectrum                     
insolation                      energy flux                    solar declination            solar altitude
sub solar point              analemma                     energy balance              heterosphere
homosphere                  atmospheric gases         thermopause                 thermosphere
mesopause                   mesosphere                  stratopause                   stratosphere
tropopause                   troposphere                  normal lapse rate          noctilucent clouds
aurora                          ionosphere                    ozonosphere                 ion
ionization                      ozone                           ozone hole                    trace gases
inversion                       photochemical reaction polar stratospheric clouds (PSC's)
reflection                      albedo                          refraction                      scattering
absorption                    greenhouse effect          urban heat island           temperature scales
convection                    advection                      heat capacity                isotherm
thermal equator             wind chill effect             heat index                     relative humidity
global warming             air pressure                   pressure gradient          equatorial low
subtropical high            polar low                      polar high                     wind
ITCZ Intertropical Convergence Zone              wind rose                     anemometer
barometer                     coriolis effect                geostrophy                   geostrophic wind
cyclonic flow                anticyclonic flow           Hadley cell                   jet stream
isobar                           isobaric surface             monsoon                      katabatic wind

 
Be able to discuss the following concepts in a short phrase or recognize in a diagram

Cartography and the art of mapmaking
Distribution of insolation at the upper atmosphere over space and time
Distribution of insolation at the earth's surface over space and time
Structure of the atmosphere by composition, by temperature, by function
Sources of gases (stable and variable) to the atmosphere
Effect of latitude, altitude and location (water/land) on mean annual temperature range
Spatial and seasonal variation of atmospheric pressure
Global and local wind patterns, major wind belts
Units used to measure:  isolation, temperature, pressure

Be able to write a short essay about

Ozone production and destruction and the  processes that affect the size of the ozone hole
Why the thermal characteristics of the urban environment are different than the rural environment