MARS 120
Fall 2006
Study Guide for Exam 2
Physical
and Chemical properties of seawater
Chapter
6 in Thurman and Trujillo
Be able to define and use in appropriate context the
following terms:
water molecule
dipolar
molecule
covalent
bond
hydrogen bond
electrostatic
attraction
ionic
bond
surface tension
heat
temperature
latent heat of melting
latent
heat of vaporization
calorie
freezing point
boiling
point
heat
capacity
temperature of maximum density solvent
property of water
density
thermal expansion
parts
per thousand, o/oo, g/kg
salinity
rule of constant proportions
T-S
diagram
residence
time
conservative behavior
non-conservative
behavior
acidity/alkalinity
pH
buffer
pycnocline
carbonate buffering system
thermocline
halocline
thermohaline circulation
isopycnal
isothermal
Be able to identify on a graph or diagram:
- water in the three states of matter
- change in temperature versus change in
heat from -40oC to +120oC in fresh water
- temperature of maximum density
- hydrogen bonds in water in solid,
liquid and gaseous state
- depth variation of salinity,
temperature, density
- relative density using a T-S diagram
Be able to calculate:
- ion concentration from total salinity
- relative ratio of ions
- test for conservative behavior of ions
Be able to discuss the following
concepts:
- Steady State Model for the chemical
composition of seawater