University of San Diego
Marine Science and Environmental Studies Department
MARS
120 Fall 2006
INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
EXAM 1 Study Guide
Be able to define the following terms and
use them correctly in the appropriate context:
lithosphere
lithospheric
plate
density
layered earth
asthenosphere
fossil
record
seismicity
mid ocean ridge volcanism
oceanic
arc volcanism
linear
mountain chain
divergent plate boundary
convergent
plate boundary
transform
plate boundary
mid
ocean ridge basalt
gabbro
peridotite
oceanic crust
upper
mantle
marine
sediment
seismic reflection profile
hypsographic
curve
age/depth
profile
subduction zone
seamount
hot
spot
fracture zone
bathymetery
continental
margin
passive continental margin
active
continental margin
continental
shelf
continental slope
continental
rise
submarine
canyon
deep sea fan
abyssal
plain
abyssal
hill
lithogenous
sediments
biogenous
sediments
hydrogenous
sediments
cosmogenous sediments
sandstone
siltstone
shale (claystone)
abyssal
red clay
calcareous
ooze
coccolith
foraminifera
chalk
limestone
carbonate
compensation depth
siliceous ooze
diatom
radiolarian
phytoplankton
zooplankton
upwelling
fecal pellet
manganese nodule
hydrothermal
sediments
black
smoker
tektite
meteorite
evaporite
Be able to identify on a map the following sea
floor
features:
- global distribution of modern
earthquakes
- global distribution of modern volcanoes
- age distribution of oceanic rocks
- distribution of magnetic polarity of
oceanic basalt
- global distribution of marine sediments
- typical sea floor land forms (mid
ocean ridges, trenches, fracture zones, abyssal plains)
Be able to discuss the
following concepts:
- Oceanography as an interdisciplinary
study of ocean systems that utilizes all the natural sciences
- Plate Tectonics as a viable theory
that explains the landforms observed on the sea floor and continental
margins
- Evidence supporting Plate Tectonic
theory
- Origin of particles that accumulate as
marine sediments